Chaucer

CP Brit Poetry
=**Geoffrey Chau** **cer** =


 * He was born in 1340 and died in 1400.
 * He was considered one of the first great english authors, as well as, the father of english literature.
 * He was very fortunate throughout his life even though he was not of noble __birth__ because of his fame for __writing__.
 * He was captured in the hundred years war but because of his fame the king paid the ransom for his return.
 * He spent most of his life living off pensions so he could spend most of his time writing.
 * His most famous __work__ was the Canterbury Tales which was written in middle English

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With him there was his son, a youthful squire,
A lover and a lusty bachelor, With locks well curled, as if they’d laid in press. Some twenty years of age he was, I guess. In stature he was of an average length, (5) Wondrously __active__, aye, and great of strength. He’d ridden sometime with the cavalry In Flanders, in Artois, and Picardy, And borne him well within that little space In hope to __win__ thereby his lady’s grace. Embroidered was he, like a meadow bed All full of freshest flowers, white and red. Singing he was, or fluting, all the day; He was as fresh as is the month of May. Short was his gown, with sleeves both long and wide. Well could he sit on horse, and fairly ride. He could make songs and words thereto indite, Joust, and dance too, as well as sketch and write. So hot he loved that, while night told her tale, He slept no more than does a nightingale. Courteous he, and humble, willing and able, And carved before his father at the table.

media type="custom" key="15464740" A KNIGHT there was and that a worthy man That from the timè that he first began To riden out, he lovèd chivalry, Truth and honóur, freedom and courtesy. Full worthy was he in his lordè's war, And thereto had he ridden--no man farre As well in Christendom as Heatheness And ever honoured for his worthiness.

A COOK they haddè with them for the nones To boil the chickens and the marrow bones And __powder__ merchant tart, and galingale. Well could he know a draught of London ale. He couldè roast and seeth and broil and fry Make mortrews and well bake a pie.

A SUMMONER was there with us in that place That had a fire-red cherubinnè's face,cherub's For saucèfleme he was with eyen narrow. And hot he was and lecherous as a sparrow With scalèd browès black, and pilèd beard, Of his viságè children were afeared.

With him there rode a gentle PARDONER Of Rouncival, his friend and his compeer That straight was comèn from the court of Rome. Full loud he sang "Come hither love to me." This Summoner bore to him a stiff burdoun. Was never trump of half so great a sound. This pardoner had hair as yellow as wax But smooth it hung as does a strike of flax. By ounces hung his lockès that he had, And therewith he his shoulders overspread. But thin it lay, by colpons, one by one, But hood, for jollity, wearèd he none, For it was trussèd up in his wallet: Him thought he rode all of the newè jet, Dishevelled; save his cap he rode all bare. Such glaring eyen had he as a hare.

A good WIFE was there of besidè Bath But she was somedeal deaf, and that was scath. Of clothmaking she haddè such a haunt She passèd them of Ypres and of Gaunt. In all the parish, wife ne was there none That to the offering before her shouldè gon. And if there did, certain so wroth was she That she was out of allè charity. Her coverchiefs full finè were of ground; I durstè swear they weighèdèn ten pound That on a Sunday were upon her head. Her hosèn werèn of fine scarlet red her stockings Full straight y-tied, and shoes full moist and new. Bold was her face and fair and red of hue. She was a worthy woman all her life.

Questions: 1 What kind of a person was the knight? Does Chaucer use satire here? 2 what is wrong with the summoner? Is he liked? 3 What does Chaucer's description of the pardoner tell about the character? 4 Of these characters, which of them has the sharpest sarcasm and why?

media type="custom" key="15487632"
 * 1 || When April with his showers sweet with fruit ||
 * 2 || The drought of March has pierced unto the root ||
 * 3 || And bathed each vein with liquor that has power ||
 * 4 || To generate therein and sire the flower; ||
 * 5 || When Zephyr also has, with his sweet breath, ||
 * 6 || Quickened again, in every holt and heath, ||
 * 7 || The tender shoots and buds, and the young sun ||
 * 8 || Into the Ram one half his course has run, ||
 * 9 || And many little birds make melody ||
 * 10 || That sleep through all the night with open eye ||
 * 11 || (So Nature pricks them on to ramp and rage)- ||
 * 12 || Then do folk long to go on pilgrimage, ||
 * 13 || And palmers to go seeking out strange strands, ||
 * 14 || To distant shrines well known in sundry lands. ||
 * 15 || And specially from every shire's end ||
 * 16 || Of England they to Canterbury wend, ||
 * 17 || The holy blessed martyr there to seek ||
 * 18 || Who helped them when they lay so ill and weal ||
 * 19 || Befell that, in that season, on a day ||
 * 20 || In Southwark, at the Tabard, as I lay ||
 * 21 || Ready to start upon my pilgrimage ||
 * 22 || To Canterbury, full of devout homage, ||
 * 23 || There came at nightfall to that hostelry ||
 * 24 || Some nine and twenty in a company ||
 * 25 || Of sundry persons who had chanced to fall ||
 * 26 || In fellowship, and pilgrims were they all ||
 * 27 || That toward Canterbury town would ride. ||
 * 28 || The rooms and stables spacious were and wide, ||
 * 29 || And well we there were eased, and of the best. ||
 * 30 || And briefly, when the sun had gone to rest, ||
 * 31 || So had I spoken with them, every one, ||
 * 32 || That I was of their fellowship anon, ||
 * 33 || And made agreement that we'd early rise ||
 * 34 || To take the road, as you I will apprise. ||
 * 35 || But none the less, whilst I have time and space, ||
 * 36 || Before yet farther in this tale I pace, ||
 * 37 || It seems to me accordant with reason ||
 * 38 || To inform you of the state of every one ||
 * 39 || Of all of these, as it appeared to me, ||
 * 40 || And who they were, and what was their degree, ||
 * 41 || And even how arrayed there at the inn; ||
 * 42 || **And with a** **knight** thus will I first begin. ||
 * 43 || A knight there was, and he a worthy man, ||
 * 44 || Who, from the moment that he first began ||
 * 45 || To ride about the world, loved chivalry, ||
 * 46 || Truth, honour, freedom and all courtesy. ||
 * 47 || Full worthy was he in his liege-lord's war, ||
 * 48 || And therein had he ridden (none more far) ||
 * 49 || As well in Christendom as heathenesse, ||
 * 50 || And honoured everywhere for worthiness. ||
 * 51 || At Alexandria, he, when it was won; ||
 * 52 || Full oft the table's roster he'd begun ||
 * 53 || Above all nations' knights in Prussia. ||
 * 54 || In Latvia raided he, and Russia, ||
 * 55 || No christened man so oft of his degree. ||
 * 56 || In far Granada at the siege was he ||
 * 57 || Of Algeciras, and in Belmarie. ||
 * 58 || At Ayas was he and at Satalye ||
 * 59 || When they were won; and on the Middle Sea ||
 * 60 || At many a noble meeting chanced to be. ||
 * 61 || Of mortal battles he had fought fifteen, ||
 * 62 || And he'd fought for our faith at Tramissene ||
 * 63 || Three times in lists, and each time slain his foe. ||
 * 64 || This self-same worthy knight had been also ||
 * 65 || At one time with the lord of Palatye ||
 * 66 || Against another heathen in Turkey: ||
 * 67 || And always won he sovereign fame for prize. ||
 * 68 || Though so illustrious, he was very wise ||
 * 69 || And bore himself as meekly as a maid. ||
 * 70 || He never yet had any vileness said, ||
 * 71 || In all his life, to whatsoever wight. ||
 * 72 || He was a truly perfect, gentle knight. ||
 * 73 || But now, to tell you all of his array, ||
 * 74 || His steeds were good, but yet he was not gay. ||
 * 75 || Of simple fustian wore he a jupon ||
 * 76 || Sadly discoloured by his habergeon; ||
 * 77 || For he had lately come from his voyage ||
 * 78 || And now was going on this pilgrimage. ||
 * 79 || **With him there was his son, a youthful squire,** ||
 * 80 || A lover and a lusty bachelor, ||
 * 81 || With locks well curled, as if they'd laid in press. ||
 * 82 || Some twenty years of age he was, I guess. ||
 * 83 || In stature he was of an average length, ||
 * 84 || Wondrously active, aye, and great of strength. ||
 * 85 || He'd ridden sometime with the cavalry ||
 * 86 || In Flanders, in Artois, and Picardy, ||
 * 87 || And borne him well within that little space ||
 * 88 || In hope to win thereby his lady's grace. ||
 * 89 || Prinked out he was, as if he were a mead, ||
 * 90 || All full of fresh-cut flowers white and red. ||
 * 91 || Singing he was, or fluting, all the day; ||
 * 92 || He was as fresh as is the month of May. ||
 * 93 || Short was his gown, with sleeves both long and wide. ||
 * 94 || Well could be sit on horse, and fairly ride. ||
 * 95 || He could make songs and words thereto indite, ||
 * 96 || Joust, and dance too, as well as sketch and write. ||
 * 97 || So hot he loved that, while night told her tale, ||
 * 98 || He slept no more than does a nightingale. ||
 * 99 || Courteous he, and humble, willing and able, ||
 * 100 || And carved before his father at the table. ||
 * 101 || **A yeoman had he, nor more servants, no,** ||
 * 102 || At that time, for he chose to travel so; ||
 * 103 || And he was clad in coat and hood of green. ||
 * 104 || A sheaf of peacock arrows bright and keen ||
 * 105 || Under his belt he bore right carefully ||
 * 106 || (Well could he keep his tackle yeomanly: ||
 * 107 || His arrows had no draggled feathers low), ||
 * 108 || And in his hand he bore a mighty bow. ||
 * 109 || A cropped head had he and a sun-browned face. ||
 * 110 || Of woodcraft knew he all the useful ways. ||
 * 111 || Upon his arm he bore a bracer gay, ||
 * 112 || And at one side a sword and buckler, yea, ||
 * 113 || And at the other side a dagger bright, ||
 * 114 || Well sheathed and sharp as spear point in the light; ||
 * 115 || On breast a Christopher of silver sheen. ||
 * 116 || He bore a horn in baldric all of green; ||
 * 117 || A forester he truly was, I guess. ||
 * 118 || **There was also a nun, a prioress,** ||
 * 119 || Who, in her smiling, modest was and coy; ||
 * 120 || Her greatest oath was but By Saint Eloy! ||
 * 121 || And she was known as Madam Eglantine. ||
 * 122 || Full well she sang the services divine, ||
 * 123 || Intoning through her nose, becomingly; ||
 * 124 || And fair she spoke her French, and fluently, ||
 * 125 || After the school of Stratford-at-the-Bow, ||
 * 126 || For French of Paris was not hers to know. ||
 * 127 || At table she had been well taught withal, ||
 * 128 || And never from her lips let morsels fall, ||
 * 129 || Nor dipped her fingers deep in sauce, but ate ||
 * 130 || With so much care the food upon her plate ||
 * 131 || That never driblet fell upon her breast. ||
 * 132 || In courtesy she had delight and zest. ||
 * 133 || Her upper lip was always wiped so clean ||
 * 134 || That in her cup was no iota seen ||
 * 135 || Of grease, when she had drunk her draught of wine. ||
 * 136 || Becomingly she reached for meat to dine. ||
 * 137 || And certainly delighting in good sport, ||
 * 138 || She was right pleasant, amiable- in short. ||
 * 139 || She was at pains to counterfeit the look ||
 * 140 || Of courtliness, and stately manners took, ||
 * 141 || And would be held worthy of reverence. ||
 * 142 || But, to say something of her moral sense, ||
 * 143 || She was so charitable and piteous ||
 * 144 || That she would weep if she but saw a mouse ||
 * 145 || Caught in a trap, though it were dead or bled. ||
 * 146 || She had some little dogs, too, that she fed ||
 * 147 || On roasted flesh, or milk and fine white bread. ||
 * 148 || But sore she'd weep if one of them were dead, ||
 * 149 || Or if men smote it with a rod to smart: ||
 * 150 || For pity ruled her, and her tender heart. ||
 * 151 || Right decorous her pleated wimple was; ||
 * 152 || Her nose was fine; her eyes were blue as glass; ||
 * 153 || Her mouth was small and therewith soft and red; ||
 * 154 || But certainly she had a fair forehead; ||
 * 155 || It was almost a full span broad, I own, ||
 * 156 || For, truth to tell, she was not undergrown. ||
 * 157 || Neat was her cloak, as I was well aware. ||
 * 158 || Of coral small about her arm she'd bear ||
 * 159 || A string of beads and gauded all with green; ||
 * 160 || And therefrom hung a brooch of golden sheen ||
 * 161 || Whereon there was first written a crowned A, ||
 * 162 || And under, Amor vincit omnia. ||
 * 163 || Another little nun with her had she, ||
 * 164 || Who was her chaplain; and of priests she'd three. ||
 * 165 || **A monk there was, one made for mastery,** ||
 * 166 || An outrider, who loved his venery; ||
 * 167 || A manly man, to be an abbot able. ||
 * 168 || Full many a blooded horse had he in stable: ||
 * 169 || And when he rode men might his bridle hear ||
 * 170 || A-jingling in the whistling wind as clear, ||
 * 171 || Aye, and as loud as does the chapel bell ||
 * 172 || Where this brave monk was of the cell. ||
 * 173 || The rule of Maurus or Saint Benedict, ||
 * 174 || By reason it was old and somewhat strict, ||
 * 175 || This said monk let such old things slowly pace ||
 * 176 || And followed new-world manners in their place. ||
 * 177 || He cared not for that text a clean-plucked hen ||
 * 178 || Which holds that hunters are not holy men; ||
 * 179 || Nor that a monk, when he is cloisterless, ||
 * 180 || Is like unto a fish that's waterless; ||
 * 181 || That is to say, a monk out of his cloister. ||
 * 182 || But this same text he held not worth an oyster; ||
 * 183 || And I said his opinion was right good. ||
 * 184 || What? Should he study as a madman would ||
 * 185 || Upon a book in cloister cell? Or yet ||
 * 186 || Go labour with his hands and swink and sweat, ||
 * 187 || As Austin bids? How shall the world be served? ||
 * 188 || Let Austin have his toil to him reserved. ||
 * 189 || Therefore he was a rider day and night; ||
 * 190 || Greyhounds he had, as swift as bird in flight. ||
 * 191 || Since riding and the hunting of the hare ||
 * 192 || Were all his love, for no cost would he spare. ||
 * 193 || I saw his sleeves were purfled at the hand ||
 * 194 || With fur of grey, the finest in the land; ||
 * 195 || Also, to fasten hood beneath his chin, ||
 * 196 || He had of good wrought gold a curious pin: ||
 * 197 || A love-knot in the larger end there was. ||
 * 198 || His head was bald and shone like any glass, ||
 * 199 || And smooth as one anointed was his face. ||
 * 200 || Fat was this lord, he stood in goodly case. ||
 * 201 || His bulging eyes he rolled about, and hot ||
 * 202 || They gleamed and red, like fire beneath a pot; ||
 * 203 || His boots were soft; his horse of great estate. ||
 * 204 || Now certainly he was a fine prelate: ||
 * 205 || He was not pale as some poor wasted ghost. ||
 * 206 || A fat swan loved he best of any roast. ||
 * 207 || His palfrey was as brown as is a berry. ||
 * 208 || **A friar there was, a wanton and a merry,** ||
 * 209 || A limiter, a very festive man. ||
 * 210 || In all the Orders Four is none that can ||
 * 211 || Equal his gossip and his fair language. ||
 * 212 || He had arranged full many a marriage ||
 * 213 || Of women young, and this at his own cost. ||
 * 214 || Unto his order he was a noble post. ||
 * 215 || Well liked by all and intimate was he ||
 * 216 || With franklins everywhere in his country, ||
 * 217 || And with the worthy women of the town: ||
 * 218 || For at confessing he'd more power in gown ||
 * 219 || (As he himself said) than it good curate, ||
 * 220 || For of his order he was licentiate. ||
 * 221 || He heard confession gently, it was said, ||
 * 222 || Gently absolved too, leaving naught of dread. ||
 * 223 || He was an easy man to give penance ||
 * 224 || When knowing he should gain a good pittance; ||
 * 225 || For to a begging friar, money given ||
 * 226 || Is sign that any man has been well shriven. ||
 * 227 || For if one gave (he dared to boast of this), ||
 * 228 || He took the man's repentance not amiss. ||
 * 229 || For many a man there is so hard of heart ||
 * 230 || He cannot weep however pains may smart. ||
 * 231 || Therefore, instead of weeping and of prayer, ||
 * 232 || Men should give silver to poor friars all bare. ||
 * 233 || His tippet was stuck always full of knives ||
 * 234 || And pins, to give to young and pleasing wives. ||
 * 235 || And certainly he kept a merry note: ||
 * 236 || Well could he sing and play upon the rote. ||
 * 237 || At balladry he bore the prize away. ||
 * 238 || His throat was white as lily of the May; ||
 * 239 || Yet strong he was as ever champion. ||
 * 240 || In towns he knew the taverns, every one, ||
 * 241 || And every good host and each barmaid too- ||
 * 242 || Better than begging lepers, these he knew. ||
 * 243 || For unto no such solid man as he ||
 * 244 || Accorded it, as far as he could see, ||
 * 245 || To have sick lepers for acquaintances. ||
 * 246 || There is no honest advantageousness ||
 * 247 || In dealing with such poverty-stricken curs; ||
 * 248 || It's with the rich and with big victuallers. ||
 * 249 || And so, wherever profit might arise, ||
 * 250 || Courteous he was and humble in men's eyes. ||
 * 251 || There was no other man so virtuous. ||
 * 252 || He was the finest beggar of his house; ||
 * 253 || A certain district being farmed to him, ||
 * 254 || None of his brethren dared approach its rim; ||
 * 255 || For though a widow had no shoes to show, ||
 * 256 || So pleasant was his In principio, ||
 * 257 || He always got a farthing ere he went. ||
 * 258 || He lived by pickings, it is evident. ||
 * 259 || And he could romp as well as any whelp. ||
 * 260 || On love days could he be of mickle help. ||
 * 261 || For there he was not like a cloisterer, ||
 * 262 || With threadbare cope as is the poor scholar, ||
 * 263 || But he was like a lord or like a pope. ||
 * 264 || Of double worsted was his semi-cope, ||
 * 265 || That rounded like a bell, as you may guess. ||
 * 266 || He lisped a little, out of wantonness, ||
 * 267 || To make his English soft upon his tongue; ||
 * 268 || And in his harping, after he had sung, ||
 * 269 || His two eyes twinkled in his head as bright ||
 * 270 || As do the stars within the frosty night. ||
 * 271 || This worthy limiter was named Hubert. ||
 * 272 || **There was a merchant with forked beard, and girt** ||
 * 273 || In motley gown, and high on horse he sat, ||
 * 274 || Upon his head a Flemish beaver hat; ||
 * 275 || His boots were fastened rather elegantly. ||
 * 276 || His spoke his notions out right pompously, ||
 * 277 || Stressing the times when he had won, not lost. ||
 * 278 || He would the sea were held at any cost ||
 * 279 || Across from Middleburgh to Orwell town. ||
 * 280 || At money-changing he could make a crown. ||
 * 281 || This worthy man kept all his wits well set; ||
 * 282 || There was no one could say he was in debt, ||
 * 283 || So well he governed all his trade affairs ||
 * 284 || With bargains and with borrowings and with shares. ||
 * 285 || Indeed, he was a worthy man withal, ||
 * 286 || But, sooth to say, his name I can't recall. ||
 * 287 || **A clerk from Oxford was with us also,** ||
 * 288 || Who'd turned to getting knowledge, long ago. ||
 * 289 || As meagre was his horse as is a rake, ||
 * 290 || Nor he himself too fat, I'll undertake, ||
 * 291 || But he looked hollow and went soberly. ||
 * 292 || Right threadbare was his overcoat; for he ||
 * 293 || Had got him yet no churchly benefice, ||
 * 294 || Nor was so worldly as to gain office. ||
 * 295 || For he would rather have at his bed's head ||
 * 296 || Some twenty books, all bound in black and red, ||
 * 297 || Of Aristotle and his philosophy ||
 * 298 || Than rich robes, fiddle, or gay psaltery. ||
 * 299 || Yet, and for all he was philosopher, ||
 * 300 || He had but little gold within his coffer; ||
 * 301 || But all that he might borrow from a friend ||
 * 302 || On books and learning he would swiftly spend, ||
 * 303 || And then he'd pray right busily for the souls ||
 * 304 || Of those who gave him wherewithal for schools. ||
 * 305 || Of study took he utmost care and heed. ||
 * 306 || Not one word spoke he more than was his need; ||
 * 307 || And that was said in fullest reverence ||
 * 308 || And short and quick and full of high good sense. ||
 * 309 || Pregnant of moral virtue was his speech; ||
 * 310 || And gladly would he learn and gladly teach. ||
 * 311 || **A sergeant of the law, wary and wise,** ||
 * 312 || Who'd often gone to Paul's walk to advise, ||
 * 313 || There was also, compact of excellence. ||
 * 314 || Discreet he was, and of great reverence; ||
 * 315 || At least he seemed so, his words were so wise. ||
 * 316 || Often he sat as justice in assize, ||
 * 317 || By patent or commission from the crown; ||
 * 318 || Because of learning and his high renown, ||
 * 319 || He took large fees and many robes could own. ||
 * 320 || So great a purchaser was never known. ||
 * 321 || All was fee simple to him, in effect, ||
 * 322 || Wherefore his claims could never be suspect. ||
 * 323 || Nowhere a man so busy of his class, ||
 * 324 || And yet he seemed much busier than he was. ||
 * 325 || All cases and all judgments could he cite ||
 * 326 || That from King William's time were apposite. ||
 * 327 || And he could draw a contract so explicit ||
 * 328 || Not any man could fault therefrom elicit; ||
 * 329 || And every statute he'd verbatim quote. ||
 * 330 || He rode but badly in a medley coat, ||
 * 331 || Belted in a silken sash, with little bars, ||
 * 332 || But of his dress no more particulars. ||
 * 333 || There was a franklin in his company; ||
 * 334 || White was his beard as is the white daisy. ||
 * 335 || Of sanguine temperament by every sign, ||
 * 336 || He loved right well his morning sop in wine. ||
 * 337 || Delightful living was the goal he'd won, ||
 * 338 || For he was Epicurus' very son, ||
 * 339 || That held opinion that a full delight ||
 * 340 || Was true felicity, perfect and right. ||
 * 341 || A householder, and that a great, was he; ||
 * 342 || Saint Julian he was in his own country. ||
 * 343 || His bread and ale were always right well done; ||
 * 344 || A man with better cellars there was none. ||
 * 345 || Baked meat was never wanting in his house, ||
 * 346 || Of fish and flesh, and that so plenteous ||
 * 347 || It seemed to snow therein both food and drink ||
 * 348 || Of every dainty that a man could think. ||
 * 349 || According to the season of the year ||
 * 350 || He changed his diet and his means of cheer. ||
 * 351 || Full many a fattened partridge did he mew, ||
 * 352 || And many a bream and pike in fish-pond too. ||
 * 353 || Woe to his cook, except the sauces were ||
 * 354 || Poignant and sharp, and ready all his gear. ||
 * 355 || His table, waiting in his hall alway, ||
 * 356 || Stood ready covered through the livelong day. ||
 * 357 || At county sessions was he lord and sire, ||
 * 358 || And often acted as a knight of shire. ||
 * 359 || A dagger and a trinket-bag of silk ||
 * 360 || Hung from his girdle, white as morning milk. ||
 * 361 || He had been sheriff and been auditor; ||
 * 362 || And nowhere was a worthier vavasor. ||
 * 363 || **A haberdasher and a carpenter,** ||
 * ** 364 ** || **An arras-maker, dyer, and weaver** ||
 * 365 || Were with us, clothed in similar livery, ||
 * 366 || All of one sober, great fraternity. ||
 * 367 || Their gear was new and well adorned it was; ||
 * 368 || Their weapons were not cheaply trimmed with brass, ||
 * 369 || But all with silver; chastely made and well ||
 * 370 || Their girdles and their pouches too, I tell. ||
 * 371 || Each man of them appeared a proper burges ||
 * 372 || To sit in guildhall on a high dais. ||
 * 373 || And each of them, for wisdom he could span, ||
 * 374 || Was fitted to have been an alderman; ||
 * 375 || For chattels they'd enough, and, too, of rent; ||
 * 376 || To which their goodwives gave a free assent, ||
 * 377 || Or else for certain they had been to blame. ||
 * 378 || It's good to hear Madam before one's name, ||
 * 379 || And go to church when all the world may see, ||
 * 380 || Having one's mantle borne right royally. ||
 * 381 || **A cook they had with them, just for the nonce,** ||
 * 382 || To boil the chickens with the marrow-bones, ||
 * 383 || And flavour tartly and with galingale. ||
 * 384 || Well could he tell a draught of London ale. ||
 * 385 || And he could roast and seethe and broil and fry, ||
 * 386 || And make a good thick soup, and bake a pie. ||
 * 387 || But very ill it was, it seemed to me, ||
 * 388 || That on his shin a deadly sore had he; ||
 * 389 || For sweet blanc-mange, he made it with the best. ||
 * 390 || **There was a sailor, living far out west;** ||
 * 391 || For aught I know, he was of Dartmouth town. ||
 * 392 || He sadly rode a hackney, in a gown, ||
 * 393 || Of thick rough cloth falling to the knee. ||
 * 394 || A dagger hanging on a cord had he ||
 * 395 || About his neck, and under arm, and down. ||
 * 396 || The summer's heat had burned his visage brown; ||
 * 397 || And certainly he was a good fellow. ||
 * 398 || Full many a draught of wine he'd drawn, I trow, ||
 * 399 || Of Bordeaux vintage, while the trader slept. ||
 * 400 || Nice conscience was a thing he never kept. ||
 * 401 || If that he fought and got the upper hand, ||
 * 402 || By water he sent them home to every land. ||
 * 403 || But as for craft, to reckon well his tides, ||
 * 404 || His currents and the dangerous watersides, ||
 * 405 || His harbours, and his moon, his pilotage, ||
 * 406 || There was none such from Hull to far Carthage. ||
 * 407 || Hardy. and wise in all things undertaken, ||
 * 408 || By many a tempest had his beard been shaken. ||
 * 409 || He knew well all the havens, as they were, ||
 * 410 || From Gottland to the Cape of Finisterre, ||
 * 411 || And every creek in Brittany and Spain; ||
 * 412 || His vessel had been christened Madeleine. ||
 * 413 || **With us there was a doctor of physic;** ||
 * 414 || In all this world was none like him to pick ||
 * 415 || For talk of medicine and surgery; ||
 * 416 || For he was grounded in astronomy. ||
 * 417 || He often kept a patient from the pall ||
 * 418 || By horoscopes and magic natural. ||
 * 419 || Well could he tell the fortune ascendent ||
 * 420 || Within the houses for his sick patient. ||
 * 421 || He knew the cause of every malady, ||
 * 422 || Were it of hot or cold, of moist or dry, ||
 * 423 || And where engendered, and of what humour; ||
 * 424 || He was a very good practitioner. ||
 * 425 || The cause being known, down to the deepest root, ||
 * 426 || Anon he gave to the sick man his boot. ||
 * 427 || Ready he was, with his apothecaries, ||
 * 428 || To send him drugs and all electuaries; ||
 * 429 || By mutual aid much gold they'd always won- ||
 * 430 || Their friendship was a thing not new begun. ||
 * 431 || Well read was he in Esculapius, ||
 * 432 || And Deiscorides, and in Rufus, ||
 * 433 || Hippocrates, and Hali, and Galen, ||
 * 434 || Serapion, Rhazes, and Avicen, ||
 * 435 || Averrhoes, Gilbert, and Constantine, ||
 * 436 || Bernard and Gatisden, and John Damascene. ||
 * 437 || In diet he was measured as could be, ||
 * 438 || Including naught of superfluity, ||
 * 439 || But nourishing and easy. It's no libel ||
 * 440 || To say he read but little in the Bible. ||
 * 441 || In blue and scarlet he went clad, withal, ||
 * 442 || Lined with a taffeta and with sendal; ||
 * 443 || And yet he was right chary of expense; ||
 * 444 || He kept the gold he gained from pestilence. ||
 * 445 || For gold in physic is a fine cordial, ||
 * 446 || And therefore loved he gold exceeding all. ||
 * 447 || **There was a housewife come from Bath, or near,** ||
 * 448 || Who- sad to say- was deaf in either ear. ||
 * 449 || At making cloth she had so great a bent ||
 * 450 || She bettered those of Ypres and even of Ghent. ||
 * 451 || In all the parish there was no goodwife ||
 * 452 || Should offering make before her, on my life; ||
 * 453 || And if one did, indeed, so wroth was she ||
 * 454 || It put her out of all her charity. ||
 * 455 || Her kerchiefs were of finest weave and ground; ||
 * 456 || I dare swear that they weighed a full ten pound ||
 * 457 || Which, of a Sunday, she wore on her head. ||
 * 458 || Her hose were of the choicest scarlet red, ||
 * 459 || Close gartered, and her shoes were soft and new. ||
 * 460 || Bold was her face, and fair, and red of hue. ||
 * 461 || She'd been respectable throughout her life, ||
 * 462 || With five churched husbands bringing joy and strife, ||
 * 463 || Not counting other company in youth; ||
 * 464 || But thereof there's no need to speak, in truth. ||
 * 465 || Three times she'd journeyed to Jerusalem; ||
 * 466 || And many a foreign stream she'd had to stem; ||
 * 467 || At Rome she'd been, and she'd been in Boulogne, ||
 * 468 || In Spain at Santiago, and at Cologne. ||
 * 469 || She could tell much of wandering by the way: ||
 * 470 || Gap-toothed was she, it is no lie to say. ||
 * 471 || Upon an ambler easily she sat, ||
 * 472 || Well wimpled, aye, and over all a hat ||
 * 473 || As broad as is a buckler or a targe; ||
 * 474 || A rug was tucked around her buttocks large, ||
 * 475 || And on her feet a pair of sharpened spurs. ||
 * 476 || In company well could she laugh her slurs. ||
 * 477 || The remedies of love she knew, perchance, ||
 * 478 || For of that art she'd learned the old, old dance. ||
 * 479 || There was a good man of religion, too, ||
 * 480 || **A country parson, poor, I warrant you;** ||
 * 481 || But rich he was in holy thought and work. ||
 * 482 || He was a learned man also, a clerk, ||
 * 483 || Who Christ's own gospel truly sought to preach; ||
 * 484 || Devoutly his parishioners would he teach. ||
 * 485 || Benign he was and wondrous diligent, ||
 * 486 || Patient in adverse times and well content, ||
 * 487 || As he was ofttimes proven; always blithe, ||
 * 488 || He was right loath to curse to get a tithe, ||
 * 489 || But rather would he give, in case of doubt, ||
 * 490 || Unto those poor parishioners about, ||
 * 491 || Part of his income, even of his goods. ||
 * 492 || Enough with little, coloured all his moods. ||
 * 493 || Wide was his parish, houses far asunder, ||
 * 494 || But never did he fail, for rain or thunder, ||
 * 495 || In sickness, or in sin, or any state, ||
 * 496 || To visit to the farthest, small and great, ||
 * 497 || Going afoot, and in his hand, a stave. ||
 * 498 || This fine example to his flock he gave, ||
 * 499 || That first he wrought and afterwards he taught; ||
 * 500 || Out of the gospel then that text he caught, ||
 * 501 || And this figure he added thereunto- ||
 * 502 || That, if gold rust, what shall poor iron do? ||
 * 503 || For if the priest be foul, in whom we trust, ||
 * 504 || What wonder if a layman yield to lust? ||
 * 505 || And shame it is, if priest take thought for keep, ||
 * 506 || A shitty shepherd, shepherding clean sheep. ||
 * 507 || Well ought a priest example good to give, ||
 * 508 || By his own cleanness, how his flock should live. ||
 * 509 || He never let his benefice for hire, ||
 * 510 || Leaving his flock to flounder in the mire, ||
 * 511 || And ran to London, up to old Saint Paul's ||
 * 512 || To get himself a chantry there for souls, ||
 * 513 || Nor in some brotherhood did he withhold; ||
 * 514 || But dwelt at home and kept so well the fold ||
 * 515 || That never wolf could make his plans miscarry; ||
 * 516 || He was a shepherd and not mercenary. ||
 * 517 || And holy though he was, and virtuous, ||
 * 518 || To sinners he was not impiteous, ||
 * 519 || Nor haughty in his speech, nor too divine, ||
 * 520 || But in all teaching prudent and benign. ||
 * 521 || To lead folk into Heaven but by stress ||
 * 522 || Of good example was his busyness. ||
 * 523 || But if some sinful one proved obstinate, ||
 * 524 || Be who it might, of high or low estate, ||
 * 525 || Him he reproved, and sharply, as I know. ||
 * 526 || There is nowhere a better priest, I trow. ||
 * 527 || He had no thirst for pomp or reverence, ||
 * 528 || Nor made himself a special, spiced conscience, ||
 * 529 || But Christ's own lore, and His apostles' twelve ||
 * 530 || He taught, but first he followed it himselve. ||
 * 531 || With him there was a plowman, was his brother, ||
 * 532 || That many a load of dung, and many another ||
 * 533 || Had scattered, for a good true toiler, he, ||
 * 534 || Living in peace and perfect charity. ||
 * 535 || He loved God most, and that with his whole heart ||
 * 536 || At all times, though he played or plied his art, ||
 * 537 || And next, his neighbour, even as himself. ||
 * 538 || He'd thresh and dig, with never thought of pelf, ||
 * 539 || For Christ's own sake, for every poor wight, ||
 * 540 || All without pay, if it lay in his might. ||
 * 541 || He paid his taxes, fully, fairly, well, ||
 * 542 || Both by his own toil and by stuff he'd sell. ||
 * 543 || In a tabard he rode upon a mare. ||
 * 544 || There were also a reeve and miller there; ||
 * 545 || A summoner, manciple and pardoner, ||
 * 546 || And these, beside myself, made all there were. ||
 * 547 || **The miller was a stout churl, be it known,** ||
 * 548 || Hardy and big of brawn and big of bone; ||
 * 549 || Which was well proved, for when he went on lam ||
 * 550 || At wrestling, never failed he of the ram. ||
 * 551 || He was a chunky fellow, broad of build; ||
 * 552 || He'd heave a door from hinges if he willed, ||
 * 553 || Or break it through, by running, with his head. ||
 * 554 || His beard, as any sow or fox, was red, ||
 * 555 || And broad it was as if it were a spade. ||
 * 556 || Upon the coping of his nose he had ||
 * 557 || A wart, and thereon stood a tuft of hairs, ||
 * 558 || Red as the bristles in an old sow's ears; ||
 * 559 || His nostrils they were black and very wide. ||
 * 560 || A sword and buckler bore he by his side. ||
 * 561 || His mouth was like a furnace door for size. ||
 * 562 || He was a jester and could poetize, ||
 * 563 || But mostly all of sin and ribaldries. ||
 * 564 || He could steal corn and full thrice charge his fees; ||
 * 565 || And yet he had a thumb of gold, begad. ||
 * 566 || A white coat and blue hood he wore, this lad. ||
 * 567 || A bagpipe he could blow well, be it known, ||
 * 568 || And with that same he brought us out of town. ||
 * 569 || **There was a manciple from an inn of court,** ||
 * 570 || To whom all buyers might quite well resort ||
 * 571 || To learn the art of buying food and drink; ||
 * 572 || For whether he paid cash or not, I think ||
 * 573 || That he so knew the markets, when to buy, ||
 * 574 || He never found himself left high and dry. ||
 * 575 || Now is it not of God a full fair grace ||
 * 576 || That such a vulgar man has wit to pace ||
 * 577 || The wisdom of a crowd of learned men? ||
 * 578 || Of masters had he more than three times ten, ||
 * 579 || Who were in law expert and curious; ||
 * 580 || Whereof there were a dozen in that house ||
 * 581 || Fit to be stewards of both rent and land ||
 * 582 || Of any lord in England who would stand ||
 * 583 || Upon his own and live in manner good, ||
 * 584 || In honour, debtless (save his head were wood), ||
 * 585 || Or live as frugally as he might desire; ||
 * 586 || These men were able to have helped a shire ||
 * 587 || In any case that ever might befall; ||
 * 588 || And yet this manciple outguessed them all. ||
 * 589 || The reeve he was a slender, choleric man ||
 * 590 || Who shaved his beard as close as razor can. ||
 * 591 || His hair was cut round even with his ears; ||
 * 592 || His top was tonsured like a pulpiteer's. ||
 * 593 || Long were his legs, and they were very lean, ||
 * 594 || And like a staff, with no calf to be seen. ||
 * 595 || Well could he manage granary and bin; ||
 * 596 || No auditor could ever on him win. ||
 * 597 || He could foretell, by drought and by the rain, ||
 * 598 || The yielding of his seed and of his grain. ||
 * 599 || His lord's sheep and his oxen and his dairy, ||
 * 600 || His swine and horses, all his stores, his poultry, ||
 * 601 || Were wholly in this steward's managing; ||
 * 602 || And, by agreement, he'd made reckoning ||
 * 603 || Since his young lord of age was twenty years; ||
 * 604 || Yet no man ever found him in arrears. ||
 * 605 || There was no agent, hind, or herd who'd cheat ||
 * 606 || But he knew well his cunning and deceit; ||
 * 607 || They were afraid of him as of the death. ||
 * 608 || His cottage was a good one, on a heath; ||
 * 609 || By green trees shaded with this dwelling-place. ||
 * 610 || Much better than his lord could he purchase. ||
 * 611 || Right rich he was in his own private right, ||
 * 612 || Seeing he'd pleased his lord, by day or night, ||
 * 613 || By giving him, or lending, of his goods, ||
 * 614 || And so got thanked- but yet got coats and hoods. ||
 * 615 || In youth he'd learned a good trade, and had been ||
 * 616 || A carpenter, as fine as could be seen. ||
 * 617 || This steward sat a horse that well could trot, ||
 * 618 || And was all dapple-grey, and was named Scot. ||
 * 619 || A long surcoat of blue did he parade, ||
 * 620 || And at his side he bore a rusty blade. ||
 * 621 || Of Norfolk was this reeve of whom I tell, ||
 * 622 || From near a town that men call Badeswell. ||
 * 623 || Bundled he was like friar from chin to croup, ||
 * 624 || And ever he rode hindmost of our troop. ||
 * 625 || **A summoner was with us in that place,** ||
 * 626 || Who had a fiery-red, cherubic face, ||
 * 627 || For eczema he had; his eyes were narrow ||
 * 628 || As hot he was, and lecherous, as a sparrow; ||
 * 629 || With black and scabby brows and scanty beard; ||
 * 630 || He had a face that little children feared. ||
 * 631 || There was no mercury, sulphur, or litharge, ||
 * 632 || No borax, ceruse, tartar, could discharge, ||
 * 633 || Nor ointment that could cleanse enough, or bite, ||
 * 634 || To free him of his boils and pimples white, ||
 * 635 || Nor of the bosses resting on his cheeks. ||
 * 636 || Well loved he garlic, onions, aye and leeks, ||
 * 637 || And drinking of strong wine as red as blood. ||
 * 638 || Then would he talk and shout as madman would. ||
 * 639 || And when a deal of wine he'd poured within, ||
 * 640 || Then would. he utter no word save Latin. ||
 * 641 || Some phrases had he learned, say two or three, ||
 * 642 || Which he had garnered out of some decree; ||
 * 643 || No wonder, for he'd heard it all the day; ||
 * 644 || And all you know right well that even a jay ||
 * 645 || Can call out Wat as well as can the pope. ||
 * 646 || But when, for aught else, into him you'd grope, ||
 * 647 || 'Twas found he'd spent his whole philosophy; ||
 * 648 || Just Questio quid juris would he cry. ||
 * 649 || He was a noble rascal, and a kind; ||
 * 650 || A better comrade 'twould be hard to find. ||
 * 651 || Why, he would suffer, for a quart of wine, ||
 * 652 || Some good fellow to have his concubine ||
 * 653 || A twelve-month, and excuse him to the full ||
 * 654 || (Between ourselves, though, he could pluck a gull). ||
 * 655 || And if he chanced upon a good fellow, ||
 * 656 || He would instruct him never to have awe, ||
 * 657 || In such a case, of the archdeacon's curse, ||
 * 658 || Except a man's soul lie within his purse; ||
 * 659 || For in his purse the man should punished be. ||
 * 660 || The purse is the archdeacon's Hell, said he. ||
 * 661 || But well I know he lied in what he said; ||
 * 662 || A curse ought every guilty man to dread ||
 * 663 || (For curse can kill, as absolution save), ||
 * 664 || And 'ware significavit to the grave. ||
 * 665 || In his own power had he, and at ease, ||
 * 666 || The boys and girls of all the diocese, ||
 * 667 || And knew their secrets, and by counsel led. ||
 * 668 || A garland had he set upon his head, ||
 * 669 || Large as a tavern's wine-bush on a stake; ||
 * 670 || A buckler had he made of bread they bake. ||
 * 671 || **With him there rode a gentle pardoner** ||
 * 672 || Of Rouncival, his friend and his compeer; ||
 * 673 || Straight from the court of Rome had journeyed he. ||
 * 674 || Loudly he sang Come hither, love, to me, ||
 * 675 || The summoner joining with a burden round; ||
 * 676 || Was never horn of half so great a sound. ||
 * 677 || This pardoner had hair as yellow as wax, ||
 * 678 || But lank it hung as does a strike of flax; ||
 * 679 || In wisps hung down such locks as he'd on head, ||
 * 680 || And with them he his shoulders overspread; ||
 * 681 || But thin they dropped, and stringy, one by one. ||
 * 682 || But as to hood, for sport of it, he'd none, ||
 * 683 || Though it was packed in wallet all the while. ||
 * 684 || It seemed to him he went in latest style, ||
 * 685 || Dishevelled, save for cap, his head all bare. ||
 * 686 || As shiny eyes he had as has a hare. ||
 * 687 || He had a fine veronica sewed to cap. ||
 * 688 || His wallet lay before him in his lap, ||
 * 689 || Stuffed full of pardons brought from Rome all hot. ||
 * 690 || A voice he had that bleated like a goat. ||
 * 691 || No beard had he, nor ever should he have, ||
 * 692 || For smooth his face as he'd just had a shave; ||
 * 693 || I think he was a gelding or a mare. ||
 * 694 || But in his craft, from Berwick unto Ware, ||
 * 695 || Was no such pardoner in any place. ||
 * 696 || For in his bag he had a pillowcase ||
 * 697 || The which, he said, was Our True Lady's veil: ||
 * 698 || He said he had a piece of the very sail ||
 * 699 || That good Saint Peter had, what time he went ||
 * 700 || Upon the sea, till Jesus changed his bent. ||
 * 701 || He had a latten cross set full of stones, ||
 * 702 || And in a bottle had he some pig's bones. ||
 * 703 || But with these relics, when he came upon ||
 * 704 || Some simple parson, then this paragon ||
 * 705 || In that one day more money stood to gain ||
 * 706 || Than the poor dupe in two months could attain. ||
 * 707 || And thus, with flattery and suchlike japes, ||
 * 708 || He made the parson and the rest his apes. ||
 * 709 || But yet, to tell the whole truth at the last, ||
 * 710 || He was, in church, a fine ecclesiast. ||
 * 711 || Well could he read a lesson or a story, ||
 * 712 || But best of all he sang an offertory; ||
 * 713 || For well he knew that when that song was sung, ||
 * 714 || Then might he preach, and all with polished tongue. ||
 * 715 || To win some silver, as he right well could; ||
 * 716 || Therefore he sang so merrily and so loud. ||
 * 717 || Now have I told you briefly, in a clause, ||
 * 718 || The state, the array, the number, and the cause ||
 * 719 || Of the assembling of this company ||
 * 720 || In Southwark, at this noble hostelry ||